The Airtech CN-235 was designed as a joint venture attempt by CASA (Spain) and PT Nurtanio (Indonesia) for a small turbo-prop multi-role transport aircraft given the collaborative experience by these two firms with the C-212. Similar yet smaller than other aircraft like the Hercules or the C.160, it retains the high-wing cantilever monoplane design with rear cargo ramp which has characterized most military transports of the post-war era, it also fully pressurized making it ideal for airborne assault duties. Additionally, there is a maritime patrol version which can carry a variety of anti-shipping armament and electronic warfare sensors. CN-235s have been very successful in export markets where they have been bought by France, Morocco, South Korea and Turkey which is the largest user of this aircraft. It is also used by the US Coast Guard where it is designated C-144.

The Spanish prototype ECT 100 first flew on 11 November 1983 with the Indonesian version PK-XNC flying on 30 December of that same year. Variants include the CN-235-10 initial production version, the CN-235-100/110 with new engines, the structurally improved CN-235-200/220 with greater payload and range and lastly, the CN-235-300 with an upgraded avionics suite (the M suffix on any variant indicates military use). For other roles, the CN-235MPA is the maritime version and features a lengthened nose carrying FLIR and ECM sensors, search radar, and armament which includes anti-ship missiles or torpedoes. USCG units are designated HC-144A.