The de Havilland Venom was initially conceived as simply an upgraded version of the successful Vampire but ended up becoming a completely new aircraft which saw considerably more combat action than its predecessor. It was the second of the company's twin tailboom designs with notable differences being a larger but thinner and slightly swept back wing, new and more powerful Ghost engines, ejector seats (in later versions) and wing tip fuel tanks. It also was developed into a night fighter and as an advanced navalized fighter known as the Sea Venom with all-weather capability thanks to AI radar. Both RAF and FAA Venoms were prominent during the 1956 Suez Crisis as well as other operations in Malaya, Kenya, and Yemen. Although built in less numbers than the Vampire, the Vemon was used by a number of foreign operators such as Australia, Iraq, Italy, New Zealand, Sweden, as well as license production in France (Sud-Est) and Switzerland (FFA).
The DH.112 began life as the Vampire Mk. 8 but by the time of its first flight on 2 September 1949, they had been redesignated as the Venom FB.1. Other fighter-bomber versions included the FB.4 with more powerful engines and underwing drop tanks, and the export FB.50. Night fighters included the NF.2 which was only used in small numbers before the improved NF.2A and NF.3 were designed. Finally, the navalized Sea Venom FAW.20 featured a host of modifications for carrier operations such as folding wings, arrester hooks and a stronger undercarriage. Other variants were the FAW.21 with a new powerplant, clear view canopy, and ejections seats, as well as the FAW.22 with the improvements made to the night fighters. An export version of the FAW.21 was the FAW.53 while French-built units were named Aquilon.
Design | Venom FB.4 | Venom NF.3 | Sea Venom FAW.21 |
Type | Fighter-Bomber | Night Fighter | Fighter |
Year | 1954 | 1953 | 1955 |
Crew | 1 | 2 | 2 |
Dimensions | |||
Length | 10.06 m | 11.18 m | 11.18 m |
Height | 1.905 m | 2.591 m | 2.591 m |
Wing Span | 12.70 m | 13.06 m | 13.06 m |
Wing Area | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Weight | |||
Empty | 3,674 kg | 3,992 kg | 4,990 kg |
Maximum | 6,945 kg | 6,532 kg | 7,212 kg |
Wing Loading | 267.9 kg/m² | 251.1 kg/m² | 277.3 kg/m² |
Performance | |||
Speed | 961 km/h | 929 km/h | 906 km/h |
Ceiling | 14,630 m | 14,935 m | 12,192 m |
Range | 1,730 km | 1,609 km | 1,609 km |
Powerplant | |||
Engine | 1 x Ghost Mk. 103 de Havilland 2,336 kgf | 1 x Ghost Mk. 105 de Havilland 2,336 kgf | 1 x Ghost Mk. 104 de Havilland 2,245 kgf |
Thrust/Weight | 0.58 | 0.53 | 0.41 |
Sensors | |||
Radar | - | AI Mk. 10 | AI Mk. 21 |
Armament | |||
Guns | 4 x 20-mmHispano Mk. V | 4 x 20-mmHispano Mk. V | 4 x 20-mmHispano Mk. V |
Payload | 907 kg | 907 kg | 907 kg |
Hardpoints | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Production | |||
Built | 322 | 130 | 168 |
Total | 1,492 |